Laboratory explosion prompts warning over gas supplies

Fears over phosphorus supplies

" By 2030 demand for food will increase by 30 per cent and for water by 30 per cent, " said Guthrie. The report says that many countries were now using water unsustainably, by turning to desalination, which demands large amounts of energy, and by drawing on 'fossil' groundwater laid down millions of years ago. Libya, Algeria, and Saudi Arabia are taking vast quantities of fossil water from deep...

Jet A Explosion Experiments: Laboratory Testing

Explosion Severity: Propane versus Natural Gas

Natural gas, composed mainly of methane, is in some ways similar to propane gas. Both fuels have similar energy densities per unit mass, and similar laminar premixed flame burning velocities. However, propane explosions have been shown to produce higher overpressures in unconfined explosion tests when compared to methane. In vapor cloud explosion modeling, methane is considered to be a “low” re...

Root Cause Analysis of NIOC\'s 20" Natural Gas Explosion

Transmission and distribution pipelines have a significant role in the oil and gas industries. Pipelines are facing different threat like corrosion, improper design and incorrect operation. Gas vapor released from a pipeline (owned by NIOC) failure spread out and reached to ignition source. Due to gas outdoor spreading, “flash fire” occurred and flame return caused “vapor cloud explosion” of ga...

Sum and Extremal Processes over Explosion Area

Let Nn = {(Tnk,Xnk), k ≥ 1} be a Bernoulli p.p. on Z = (0,∞) × [0,∞). We discuss weak limit theorems for Nn as well as for the associated sum and extremal processes Sn(t) = { ∑ Xnk : Tnk ≤ t} and Yn(t) = {∨Xnk : Tnk ≤ t} on an open subset of Z.